Question: Jaime: The life span for both African and Asian elephants is much shorter in zoos than in the national reserve parks. Studies have proven this by comparing the life spans of elephants in zoos to the life spans of elephants in nature reserves in both Kenya and Myanmar. Thus, our government should take a serious look at how zoos treat their elephants and possibly implement a temporary ban on the acquisition of new elephants until this issue is resolved.
Eleanor: But both the reserves you mention are protected areas where the animals do not face the threat of poaching and other unnatural dangers. Also, the data in those studies go back more than 40 years and do not take into account more recent advances in captive animal care that will most definitely extend the life spans of elephants currently in zoos.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which Eleanor’s argument depends?
(A) There are genetic differences between African and Asian elephants that affect the variance of life spans between those particular species.
(B) Predators and diseases within the confines of a nature reserve affect the lifespan of an elephant to a lesser extent than threats an elephant faces outside the parks.
(C) The training of zookeepers and those who manage nature reserves is exactly the same; thus, the care of the elephants should be exactly the same.
(D) A zookeeper in 1970 was unable to help extend the lives of elephants in captivity due to budgetary restraints that plagued zoos at that time.
(E) The professionals that manage nature reserves are more aware of the threat of poachers than zookeepers; thus, they do a better job of protecting their elephants from them.
Explanation
(A) There are genetic differences between African and Asian elephants that affect the variance of life spans between those particular species. The given statement is incorrect because the given information is not relevant to the given argument. The main discussion was based on the fact that the life span for both African and Asian elephants is much shorter in zoos than in the national reserve parks which was proven by comparing their life spans.
(B) Predators and diseases within the confines of a nature reserve affect the lifespan of an elephant to a lesser extent than threats an elephant faces outside the parks. The given statement is correct because it states that predators and diseases affect the lifespan of an elephant to a lesser extent than other threats beyond the protected parks. This would seem to be central to Eleanor’s argument since she indicates that the threat of poaching and unnatural dangers affect the life span of elephants much more than any other threats inside protected parks.
(C) The training of zookeepers and those who manage nature reserves is exactly the same; thus, the care of the elephants should be exactly the same. The given statement is incorrect because it contradicts the second part of Eleanor's argument as she indicated that the threat of poaching and unnatural dangers affect the life span of elephants much more than any other threats inside protected parks.
(D) A zookeeper in 1970 was unable to help extend the lives of elephants in captivity due to budgetary restraints that plagued zoos at that time. The given statement is incorrect because it discussed why an elephant’s life span in a zoo was shortened in 1970 but nothing to support Eleanor’s claim that care is better today. Also, it says that the poorer care then was due to budgetary reasons. Eleanor indicates that the science of care advanced, not funding.
(E) The professionals that manage nature reserves are more aware of the threat of poachers than zookeepers; thus, they do a better job of protecting their elephants from them. The given statement is incorrect because it contradicts the statement of Eleanor by saying that elephants are safer in reserves from packers and unnatural deaths.
“Jaime: The life span for both African and Asian elephants is much shorter”- is a question of critical reasoning in a section of GMAT Verbal Reasoning. It examines the logical reasoning of the candidate in the test. The Critical Reasoning question type is used to measure critical business skills. GMAT Critical Reasoning questions assess a distinct set of qualities associated with logic. The students preparing for the GMAT will experience the argument analysis of Critical Reasoning for the first time to substantiate their logic.
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