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Question: Last year all refuse collected by Shelbyville city services was incinerated. This incineration generated a large quantity of residual ash. In order to reduce the amount of residual ash Shelbyville generates this year to half of last year's total, the city has revamped its collection program. This year city services will separate for recycling enough refuse to reduce the number of truckloads of refuse to be incinerated to half of last year's number.
Which of the following is required for the revamped collection program to achieve its aim?
(A) This year, no materials that city services could separate for recycling will be incinerated.
(B) Separating recyclable materials from materials to be incinerated will cost Shelbyville less than half what it cost last year to dispose of the residual ash.
(C) Refuse collected by city services will contain a larger proportion of recyclable materials this year than it did last year.
(D) The refuse incinerated this year will generate no more residual ash per truckload incinerated than did the refuse incinerated last year.
(E) The total quantity of refuse collected by Shelbyville city service's this year will be no greater than that collected last year.
Explanation
Let's approach the answer choices.
A: Incorrect
While this option might seem relevant to the goal of reducing residual ash, the argument does not explicitly state that no recyclable materials will be incinerated. The argument is focused on reducing the amount of residual ash, not on the complete avoidance of incineration.
B: Incorrect
The argument doesn't explicitly focus on cost reduction. It's more concerned with reducing the amount of residual ash generated. The cost aspect is not necessarily central to the argument's logic.
C: Incorrect
Again, we don't care how much trash is collected or how much of it is recyclable. We already know that city services cut the number of truck loads in half. This is regardless of whether this year's waste contains a higher proportion of recycled materials. Option (C) is also unimportant and can be omitted.
D: Correct
This assumption is necessary because the argument aims to reduce the amount of residual ash generated. If the amount of residual ash per truckload incinerated this year is not reduced, the program may not achieve its goal even if recycling efforts increase. The reduction in residual ash generation depends not only on recycling but also on the efficiency of the incineration process.
E: Incorrect
The argument doesn't directly rely on the total quantity of refuse collected. It's more focused on the proportion of recyclable materials and the efficiency of incineration.
“Since empathy is essential for people to be willing to follow moral codesl”– is a GMAT Critical question. To answer the question, a candidate can either find a piece of evidence that would weaken the argument or have logical flaws in the argument. GMAT critical reasoning tests the logical and analytical skills of the candidates. This topic requires candidates to find the argument's strengths and weaknesses or the logical flaw in the argument. The GMAT CR section contains 10 -13 GMAT critical reasoning questions out of 36 GMAT verbal questions.
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