CUET PG Home Science 2025 Question Paper (Available): Download Question Paper with Answer Key And Solutions PDF

Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar because it does not have a free anomeric carbon. The glycosidic bond between glucose and fructose involves the anomeric carbon of both sugars, making them unavailable for oxidation. Quick Tip: For a sugar to be reducing, it must have a free anomeric carbon capable of mutarotation.

- Reichert-Meisel Number (A) is associated with free fatty acids neutralization (I).

- Polanski Number (B) refers to neutralizing acetic acid (II).

- Acid Number (C) measures soluble volatile fatty acids (IV).

- Acetyl Number (D) relates to the insoluble fatty acids (III).
Quick Tip: These chemical constants provide important information about the composition and quality of fats and oils.

- The key difference between DNA and RNA is that DNA contains 2-deoxy-D-ribose, whereas RNA contains D-ribose. The absence of the hydroxyl group at the 2' position in DNA makes it more stable than RNA. Quick Tip: The sugar in RNA has a hydroxyl group at the 2' position, while DNA has a hydrogen atom at the same position.

The TCA cycle (Krebs cycle) involves reactions such as decarboxylation, oxidation, and phosphorylation, but dephosphorylation is not a key reaction in the cycle. Quick Tip: Phosphorylation and decarboxylation are key steps in the TCA cycle, while dephosphorylation occurs in other metabolic pathways.

Iron is primarily stored in tissue macrophages, spleen, and bone marrow in the form of ferritin and hemosiderin. It is not stored in the gall bladder. Quick Tip: The gall bladder does not store iron; it is involved in the storage of bile.

Corneal Xerosis is the condition where the cornea becomes dry and rough due to severe vitamin A deficiency. This condition can lead to keratomalacia if untreated. Quick Tip: Vitamin A deficiency is a major cause of preventable blindness worldwide, especially in children.

The steps involved in meal planning are:

1. Recording personal data (B) - Knowing the individual's age, weight, activity level, etc.

2. Determining the RDA/EAR (A) - Based on the personal data and dietary guidelines.

3. Estimating the amount of different food exchanges (E) - Based on the RDA/EAR.

4. Distributing the food exchanges (D) - Across different meals to ensure proper nutrition throughout the day.

5. Selecting specific foods (C) - Using food exchanges and portion sizes.
Quick Tip: Meal planning ensures balanced nutrition by considering both energy needs and nutrient requirements.

Fatty liver is characterized by:

- Hepatomegaly (1) - Enlargement of the liver due to fat accumulation.

- Hepatitis (2) - Inflammation of the liver.

- Liver Cirrhosis (3) - May develop as a result of long-term liver damage.

- Increase in blood urea (4) is not a direct feature of fatty liver; it may indicate kidney dysfunction.
Quick Tip: Fatty liver disease can progress to cirrhosis if left untreated, but it does not directly cause changes in blood urea levels.

Vitamin C plays a crucial role in collagen synthesis, which is necessary for wound healing. Its deficiency leads to poor connective tissue formation, resulting in delayed or impaired wound healing. Quick Tip: Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis, a key protein in connective tissue and wound healing.

Pulmonary edema is most commonly associated with left heart failure. When the left side of the heart is unable to pump effectively, fluid backs up into the lungs, leading to pulmonary edema. Right heart failure does not directly cause pulmonary edema. Quick Tip: Pulmonary edema is a hallmark of left heart failure, as the heart cannot effectively pump blood, causing fluid buildup in the lungs.

Freezer burn occurs when food is exposed to air during freezing, leading to dehydration (A), the formation of white patches and a tough texture on the food surface (B), enlargement of ice crystals (C) due to fluctuating temperatures, and sublimation of ice (D). Quick Tip: Freezer burn affects the quality of food but does not necessarily make it unsafe to eat.

Kwashiorkor is a form of protein-energy malnutrition characterized by generalized oedema, depigmentation of skin, and diarrhoea. However, it is not typically associated with severe calorie malnutrition, which is more common in marasmus. Quick Tip: Kwashiorkor results from insufficient protein intake, while marasmus is associated with a deficiency of both calories and protein.

- Jaivik Bharat (A) is marked for organic certification (I).

- भारत सरकार GOVERNMENT OF INDIA (B) is marked on non-animal origin foods (II).

- +F (C) indicates 100% organic foods (III).

- VEGAN (D) is used for foods without animal products (IV). Quick Tip: Certification logos help consumers identify the quality and ethical nature of food products.

Cereal grains and millets are deficient in Lysine, Threonine, and Methionine. These essential amino acids are limited in these foods, making them insufficient for complete protein synthesis. Quick Tip: Cereal grains and millets are generally poor in lysine, methionine, and threonine, requiring complementary foods to provide all essential amino acids.

Polymeric or defined formula diets provide whole proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. They are often designed for specific nutritional needs, but MCT oil is commonly used in certain specialized formulas for its easier digestion and absorption. Quick Tip: Polymeric formulas are designed for patients with complex nutritional needs, often providing proteins as whole protein or oligopeptides.

Cushing's syndrome is caused by excessive secretion of steroid hormones, typically cortisol, by the adrenal glands. It is characterized by obesity, particularly in the face and upper body, and is often associated with other symptoms such as muscle weakness and high blood pressure. Quick Tip: Cushing's syndrome may result from adrenal tumors, pituitary disorders, or long-term steroid medication.

The steps involved in implementing a public nutrition program are:

1. Identify the issues or health problems (C) in the community.

2. Prioritize nutrition health problems (B) to focus on key issues.

3. Identify risk and contributing factors (D) and set goals for the program.

4. Determine strategies (A) and develop the action plan.

5. Sustain and evaluate the program (E).
Quick Tip: A successful public nutrition program requires a systematic approach from identifying problems to evaluating its effectiveness.

- Industrial market (A) includes organizations that purchase goods for production use (I).

- Consumer market (B) consists of individuals who buy goods for personal use (III).

- Reseller market (C) includes those who sell purchased goods to others (II).

- Government market (D) consists of government agencies purchasing goods for public needs (IV).
Quick Tip: Understanding the different markets helps businesses target their products more effectively.

The D value refers to the time required at a specific temperature to destroy 90% of the microorganisms. It is commonly used in the context of sterilization and food safety. Quick Tip: The D value is an important measure in the food industry for determining the effectiveness of pasteurization and sterilization processes.

Market segmentation enables businesses to address the needs of different buyer groups (A), use marketing resources more efficiently (B), and focus on particular areas (D). However, segmentation does not imply that advertising media cannot be used effectively (C). Quick Tip: Segmentation helps businesses create tailored marketing strategies that resonate with specific customer needs, improving both efficiency and effectiveness.

Factors influencing housing patterns include:

- Public Opinion (A) - Influences architectural designs and building practices.

- Social, Economic and Political Factors (B) - Influence affordability, accessibility, and design of housing.

- Climate (C) - Affects building materials, construction methods, and environmental considerations.

- Materials and Technology (D) - Determines the quality, type, and sustainability of housing.
Quick Tip: Housing patterns are shaped by a combination of social, environmental, and technological factors.

An institutional household refers to a group of unrelated persons who live in an institution and share facilities like a common kitchen. This contrasts with a household, which typically consists of related persons living together. Quick Tip: Institutional households are often found in settings like dormitories, orphanages, or boarding schools.

A process chart is used to simplify and document a series of operations, such as the steps for boiling potatoes. It helps to visualize the entire process, making it easier to identify inefficiencies or areas for improvement. Quick Tip: Process charts are useful for analyzing work processes and improving efficiency in tasks like cooking or assembly.

The correct order of steps is:

1. Listing all tasks (B).

2. Classifying tasks into flexible and non-flexible categories and estimating time (A).

3. Ensuring that estimated time and available time match (C).

4. Listing tasks according to priority and determining time (D).

5. Penning down and following the schedule (E).
Quick Tip: A time schedule helps manage time effectively and ensures that tasks are completed on time.

The correct order of steps for preparing a budget is:

1. Listing all desired items (C).

2. Estimating the cost of each item (B).

3. Estimating expected income (D).

4. Balancing income and expenditure (A).

5. Checking the plan for realism (E).
Quick Tip: Budgeting is a systematic process that ensures you have enough income to cover your expenditures and achieve your financial goals.

Division of work is the principle where tasks are divided among individuals based on specialization and expertise, as seen in this example where different people handle different aspects of curtain stitching. Quick Tip: Division of work leads to increased efficiency and skill development by allowing individuals to focus on specific tasks.

Monopolistic competition is characterized by a large number of sellers offering differentiated products. While the products are similar, each seller’s product is unique in some way, creating competition based on differentiation, not just price. Quick Tip: Monopolistic competition exists when many sellers offer similar but differentiated products, such as in the restaurant or clothing industries.

The right to be assured ensures that consumers have access to a variety of goods and services at competitive prices, ensuring fairness and competition in the market. Quick Tip: The Consumer Protection Act (2019) empowers consumers to access goods and services that meet their needs at reasonable prices.

A clerestory window is a high, horizontal window placed near the roofline. It allows light and air to enter a building, often used in churches or large public buildings. Quick Tip: Clerestory windows are common in architecture for providing natural light while maintaining privacy.

Affective resources refer to internal attributes like motivation, values, and philosophy that drive behavior and decision-making. They are intangible resources that influence an individual's actions and attitudes. Quick Tip: Affective resources involve emotional and motivational factors that can significantly impact performance and decision-making.

The principle of harmony refers to the arrangement of elements in a way that creates a visually pleasing and cohesive whole. It ensures that all parts of a design work together in unity. Quick Tip: Harmony in design is achieved when different components blend well together, creating a sense of balance and cohesion.

Migration refers to the shifting of color from one area to another, typically caused by external factors like heat or friction. It often happens in textiles when dyes or pigments move to adjacent areas. Quick Tip: Migration is a common issue in dyed fabrics, often leading to unwanted color transfer between areas.

- Out of register (A) occurs when the edges of prints do not match (I).

- Off grain (B) happens when the fabric is printed off grain (III).

- Tendering (C) refers to fabric becoming weak or sensitive to abrasion (II).

- Off shade (D) involves products or components not matching the desired color specifications (IV).
Quick Tip: In printing, misalignment or mismatches in color and fabric grain can lead to defects in the final product.

Conservation refers to the specialized techniques and practices for preserving and maintaining vintage or collectible textiles, ensuring their longevity and minimizing damage. Quick Tip: Conservation of textiles requires careful handling, cleaning, and storage to avoid degradation over time.

The sack method is not commonly used for dyeing textiles. The batch, jig, and pad methods are all traditional techniques used for applying dyes to fabrics. Quick Tip: Dyeing methods vary depending on the type of fabric and the desired outcome, but sack is not a recognized dyeing technique.

The dobby weave is used to create small, geometric, textured designs such as bird’s-eye pique. This weave requires a special loom attachment and is used for fabrics with intricate patterns. Quick Tip: The dobby loom is used for creating intricate woven patterns, often used in fabric designs like bird’s-eye pique.

The correct sequence of operations on a loom is:
1. Cloth is wound on the beam (A).

2. Harness raises a certain number of warp threads (C).

3. Shuttle throws the filling yarn through the shed (B).

4. Reed pushes the filling yarn back (D).
Quick Tip: Loom operation follows a precise sequence to ensure the fabric is woven efficiently and correctly.

- Calendering (A) is the process of pressing fabric between rollers to achieve smoothness and luster (I).

- Schreinerizing (B) creates fine patterns on the fabric surface using engraved rollers (II).

- Mercerizing (C) is an ironing process that improves the fabric's luster and strength (III).

- Embossing (D) uses engraved rollers to create a design or pattern on the fabric surface (IV).
Quick Tip: Fabric finishing processes like calendering, mercerizing, and embossing improve both the aesthetic and functional properties of textiles.

A floating weave allows certain warp or filling yarns to "float" over others. Twill, Satin, and Rib are floating weaves, whereas Huckaback is a type of weave used for towels, characterized by a solid structure, not a floating one. Quick Tip: Floating weaves are used to create a smooth, glossy finish on fabrics like satin, while weaves like huckaback focus on absorbency and texture.

The correct sequence of operations for manufacturing wool fabric by machine is:

1. Sorting and cleaning (B) the raw wool.

2. Washing and scouring (A) to remove dirt and grease.

3. Carbonising (D) to remove vegetable matter.

4. Drying and oiling (C) to prepare the wool for spinning.
Quick Tip: Wool processing involves several stages of cleaning, preparation, and finishing to ensure high-quality fabric.

Worsted fabrics are woven from long fibers (B) that are more tightly woven than woollens (C) and the fibers are aligned parallel to each other (D), which makes the fabric smooth and durable. Quick Tip: Worsted yarns are made from long fibers, which result in a smooth and strong fabric suitable for high-quality clothing.

Ardil is a synthetic fiber that closely resembles wool and is manufactured from corn. It has a moderate luster and is often used as a wool substitute. Quick Tip: Ardil is a bio-based fiber made from renewable sources like corn, providing an eco-friendly alternative to wool.

Nylon is a synthetic fiber that is highly oriented and crystalline, which gives it strength and durability. It is often used in applications that require high-performance materials. Quick Tip: Nylon is known for its strength, abrasion resistance, and elasticity, thanks to its crystalline structure.

Plastic bags from dry cleaners should be discarded because they can trap moisture, leading to mildew (B), may cause static and discoloration (A), and contain chemicals like phenolic antioxidants and bleaching agents (C and D), which are not suitable for long-term storage. Quick Tip: Dry cleaning bags are meant for temporary storage only and should be removed to avoid damage to the fabric.

In fashion, 'juniors' refers to a size range for younger women, typically with smaller proportions, rather than age. It is often used in women's clothing lines. Quick Tip: The term "juniors" in fashion primarily refers to size, with garments designed for a younger body type, not necessarily age.

When tailoring children's clothes, it is important to have firm fasteners, reinforced points of strain, and durable seams. However, small neck openings can cause discomfort and restrict movement. Quick Tip: When tailoring children's clothing, ensure comfort and durability, especially in areas prone to wear and tear.

While choosing a tablecloth, important factors to consider include serviceability, durability, and washability. Absorbency is not as crucial for tablecloths, as they primarily serve decorative and protective purposes. Quick Tip: When selecting tablecloths, durability and ease of cleaning are more important than absorbency.

During the period from 1000-1500 A.D., the Purdah system became prominent in India, particularly among Muslim women, who were required to veil themselves and maintain strict segregation from men in public. Quick Tip: The Purdah system reflects social and cultural norms that have influenced women's attire in various historical periods.

The correct sequence of stages in Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytical theory is:

1. Oral Stage (D)

2. ***** Stage (B)

3. Phallic Stage (C)

4. Latency Stage (A)

5. Genital Stage (E)
Quick Tip: Freud’s theory suggests that human development progresses through a series of psychosexual stages, each marked by different focuses of pleasure.

- Chronosystem (A) refers to the patterning of environmental events over time (II).

- Exosystem (B) refers to the links between social settings in which the individual does not actively participate (III).

- Macrosystem (C) involves the culture in which individuals live (IV).

- Microsystem (D) consists of the immediate environment where the individual lives, such as family, peers, and school (I).
Quick Tip: Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory emphasizes the importance of environmental contexts in shaping human development.

- Moro (A) is a reflex where the newborn makes an "embracing" motion (III).

- Palmer Grasp (B) is a reflex where the baby spontaneously grasps a finger (IV).

- Rooting (C) involves the baby turning its head towards the source of stimulation (I).

- Babinski (D) is when the toes fan out and curl as the foot twists in (II).
Quick Tip: Newborn reflexes are essential for survival and can indicate neurological health.

Microgenetic design focuses on capturing the process of change by presenting children with a novel task and tracking their mastery over multiple, closely spaced sessions. Quick Tip: Microgenetic design is ideal for studying rapid developmental changes and learning processes in children.

- Sickle Cell Anaemia (A) is a recessive genetic disorder.

- Tay-Sachs Disease (B) is also recessive.

- Marfan Syndrome (E) is an autosomal dominant disorder.

- Klinefelter Syndrome (C) and Turner's Syndrome (D) are chromosomal disorders, not typically classified as dominant or recessive.
Quick Tip: Genetic diseases can be dominant or recessive, depending on whether one or both copies of a gene need to be altered for the disease to manifest.

A matrilocal household is one where the woman is the head of the household, often observed in cultures where women play a central role in family and community life. Quick Tip: Matrilocal residence systems typically feature women holding key authority in family matters.

Syntax is the rule system of a language that governs how words are combined to form acceptable phrases and sentences. It is a crucial component of grammar. Quick Tip: Syntax dictates sentence structure, determining how words and phrases are organized to convey meaning in a language.

In classical conditioning, the process occurs in the following order:

1. Neutral stimulus (A) is introduced, which initially does not elicit a response.

2. Acquisition (D) occurs as the neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with the unconditional stimulus (B).

3. Eventually, the neutral stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus and produces a conditioned response (C).
Quick Tip: Classical conditioning involves the learning process where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a natural response.

The authoritative parenting style is characterized by a balance of high responsiveness and high expectations. Children raised with this style tend to be well-adjusted, independent, and have strong social and emotional skills. Quick Tip: Authoritative parenting emphasizes nurturing and guidance with clear rules and expectations, fostering independence in children.

Kohlberg's moral development stages include:

1. Homogeneous Morality (A) - The earliest stage, where individuals focus on obedience and punishment.

2. Social System Morality (B) - At this stage, individuals understand the importance of law and order.

3. Universal Ethical Principles (C) - Moral decisions are based on universal principles of justice and human rights.

4. Social Contract or Utility and Individual Rights (D) - Individuals understand that moral rules are based on mutual agreements for social cooperation.
Quick Tip: Kohlberg’s theory emphasizes the progressive stages of moral reasoning from basic obedience to universal ethical principles.

According to the National Family Health Survey 2019-21 (NFHS-5), 67.1% of children aged 6-59 months are anaemic, which is a significant public health concern. Quick Tip: Anaemia in young children is primarily caused by iron deficiency and can affect their growth and development.

The F diagram shows how diseases from faecal matter can spread through fluids, fingers, and flies, but facilities do not directly carry diseases. Facilities refer to infrastructure like toilets, which can help prevent the spread of diseases. Quick Tip: The F diagram emphasizes the importance of proper sanitation and hygiene to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases.

Seaman Knapp is considered the Father of University Extension because of his pioneering work in bringing university education and expertise to rural communities through extension programs. Quick Tip: University extension programs play a crucial role in disseminating knowledge and expertise to the general public, particularly in rural areas.

- Principle of democratic approach (A) focuses on involving people in helping themselves (III).

- The grassroots principle of organization (B) emphasizes local adaptation (IV).

- Principle of adaptability (C) suggests that programs should be flexible based on local conditions (II).

- Principle of participation (D) emphasizes voluntary involvement of people in extension activities (I).
Quick Tip: Extension programs should be democratic, flexible, participatory, and adaptable to local needs.

The correct order of selecting communication media is:

1. Specification of learning objectives (E)

2. Organization of materials (A)

3. Organization of techniques (C)

4. Selection factors (B)

5. Implementation and evaluation (D)
Quick Tip: Effective communication media selection ensures that materials and techniques align with the learning objectives and context.

In emergencies, Mass Media (radio, TV, social media, etc.) is the most effective way to quickly disseminate information to a large audience, creating awareness in a short amount of time. Quick Tip: Mass media is especially effective for reaching a large and diverse audience quickly during emergencies or awareness campaigns.

Mildred Horton (1952) emphasized the following principles of extension:

1. The individual is supreme in a democracy (A).

2. The home is the fundamental unit in a civilization (B).

3. The family is the first training group of the human race (C).

4. The foundation of any permanent civilization must rest on the partnership of man and land (D).
Quick Tip: Extension philosophy by Horton underscores the importance of the individual, family, and environment in building sustainable societies.

Non-projected aids include materials like flannel graphs, flash cards, and bulletin boards, which do not require electrical projection. A public address system (3), however, requires electrical amplification and is therefore not a non-projected aid. Quick Tip: Non-projected aids are visual or tactile tools that don't require electricity to function, such as charts and flashcards.

- Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY) (A) provides a cash incentive for partial compensation of wage loss (I).

- Palna (B) focuses on providing a safe & secure environment for children's development (II).

- Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme (C) aims to promote higher education and skill development for girls (III).

- Nari Adalat (D) provides alternate grievance redressal mechanisms for women (IV).
Quick Tip: These government schemes focus on improving the well-being of women and children through various incentives and support systems.

The Critical Path Method (CPM) is used to identify the critical tasks involved in completing a project, calculate the minimum project duration, and ensure that tasks are completed on time by optimizing task sequencing. Quick Tip: CPM is useful in project management to ensure that the project is completed in the least amount of time while meeting deadlines.

The Community Development Programme (CDP) was launched by the Government of India in 1952 to promote integrated rural development and improve the quality of life in rural areas. Quick Tip: The CDP focused on rural development by providing various community services and promoting self-help initiatives.

The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee (1957) recommended:

1. The establishment of a three-tier Panchayati Raj system at the village, block, and district levels (A).

2. The District Collector should be the chairman of the Zila Parishad (B).

3. Constitutional recognition to Panchayati Raj institutions (C).

4. Ensuring the transfer of resources and power to these bodies (D).
Quick Tip: The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee helped lay the foundation for decentralized governance in India through Panchayati Raj institutions.

The National Adult Education Programme (NAEP) was announced by the Government of India in 1978 to address the need for adult literacy in the country. Quick Tip: Adult education programs are crucial for empowering adults with basic literacy and skills that can improve their quality of life.

- Bias (A) refers to prejudice or a preference for a particular sample or perspective (I).

- Prevalence (B) refers to the number of cases of a disease present in a population at a specific time (II).

- Placebo (C) is an inactive substance used in experiments to test the effectiveness of a drug (IV).

- Z-Score (D) measures how far a sample is from the mean in standard deviations (III).
Quick Tip: Statistical concepts like bias, prevalence, placebo, and Z-score are crucial in research for understanding the accuracy and reliability of findings.

In the equivalent method, reliability is assessed by comparing the results of two different tools or methods, such as the 24-hour recall method and the food frequency questionnaire in this case. If they produce similar results, the reliability of the tool is confirmed. Quick Tip: The equivalent method of reliability testing compares two different measurement tools to assess consistency in results.

The adult literacy programs were launched in the following order:

1. Social Education Programme (B)

2. Scheme of Non-formal Education for Youth (A)

3. Farmers' Functional Literacy Project (FFLP) (D)

4. National Adult Education Programme (NAEP) (C)
Quick Tip: Adult literacy programs were gradually implemented to provide education and training for various groups in society.

In the Vedic age, "Nivi" referred to the lower garment worn by women, as part of their traditional attire. Quick Tip: The Vedic period had distinct clothing styles that were functional and symbolic, reflecting societal norms and customs.