CLAT MCQs on Constitutional Laws: CLAT Questions for Practice with Solutions

Arts and Board Exam Specialist | Updated 3+ months ago

The CLAT exam requires strong analytical skills, critical thinking, and careful reading, along with a clear understanding of the Constitutional Laws. This article provides a set of MCQs on Constitutional Laws to help you practice and strengthen your knowledge with the help of detailed solutions, which will support your CLAT 2026 exam preparation.

Whether you're revising the basics or testing your knowledge, these MCQs will serve as a valuable practice resource.

The CLAT 2026 exam is expected to follow a similar trend to the CLAT 2025, with a total of 120 questions for one mark, and 0.25 marks are deducted for each incorrect answer.

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CLAT MCQs on Constitutional Laws

1. PRINCIPLE: Doctrine of Double Jeopardy: No person shall be prosecuted and punished for the same offence twice.
FACT: Maqbool brought some gold into India without making any declaration to the Customs department on the airport. The custom authorities confiscated the gold under the Sea Customs Act. Maqbool was later charged for having committed an offence under Foreign Exchange Regulation Act.

A : He cannot be prosecuted because it would amount to double jeopardy.

B : He can be prosecuted because confiscation of good by custom authorities does not amount to prosecution by the Court.

C : Maqbool ought to have known that he can be stopped by the custom authorities.

D : None of the above

2. Assertion: Custom per se is law, independent of prior recognition by the sovereign or the judge.
Reason: Custom is source of law but by itself is not law.

A : Both A and R are individually true and R is correct explanation to A

B : Both A and R are individually true but R is not correct explanation of A

C : A is true but R is false

D : A is false but R is true

3. Assertion: Idol is a person who can hold property.
Reason: Only human being can be called person not the lifeless things.

A : Both A and R are individually true and R is correct explanation to A

B : Both A and R are individually true but R is not correct explanation of A

C : A is true but R is false

D : A is false but R is true

4. Assertion: Laws are means of achieving an end namely social control.
Reason: The ultimate end of law is to secure greatest happiness to greatest number.

A : Both A and R are individually true and R is correct explanation to A

B : Both A and R are individually true but R is not correct explanation of A

C : A is true but R is false

D : A is false but R is true

5. Assertion: Attempt to commit an offence though does not result in any harm, should also be punished.
Reason: A person who tries to cause a prohibited harm and fails, is, in terms of moral culpability, not materially different from the person who tries and succeeds.

A : Both A and R are individually true and R is correct explanation of A

B : Both A and R are individually true but R is not correct explanation of A

C : A is true but R is false

D : A is false but R is true

6. Who administers oath of office to the Governor of a State?

A : President of India

B : Chief Justice of High Court of the respective state

C : Chief Justice of India

D : Speaker of State Assembly

7. Governor of a State can make Laws during recess of State Legislative Assembly through…………

A : Act

B : Bills

C : Notification

D : Ordinance

8. President of India exercises his powers…………

AEither directly or through officers subordinate to him

BThrough ministers

CThrough Prime Minister

D : Through Cabinet

9. Principle: The Constitution of India guarantees the “right to life”, meaning the right to live with human dignity. This does not include the right to die. Facts: 'M', aged 90, lives alone without family and suffers from physical and mental distress, unable to afford medical expenses. He petitions for the right to die with dignity to avoid being a burden on society.

A The prayer can be granted, as suicide is not an offence in India

B The prayer can be granted, as the right to life under the Constitution includes the right to die

C The prayer can be granted, as a person cannot be forced to enjoy right to life to his disadvantage

D The prayer cannot be granted, as the right to life under the Constitution does not include the right to die

10. Principle: One of the essential conditions for a marriage between any two persons to be solemnized under the Special Marriage Act, 1954 is that at the time of the marriage the male has completed the age of twenty-one years and the female the age of eighteen years. If the said condition is not fulfilled such a marriage is null and void. Facts: 'A', a male aged twenty-two years, proposes to marry 'B', a female aged sixteen years, at Delhi in the month of June 2014 under the Special Marriage Act, 1954.

A Marriage between 'A' and 'B' can be legally solemnized under the Special Marriage Act, 1954

B Marriage between 'A' and 'B' cannot be legally solemnized under the Special Marriage Act, 1954

C Marriage between 'A' and 'B' can remain valid for A under the Special Marriage Act, 1954

D None of the above is correct

11. Principle: Under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 either the husband or the wife can move a petition for a decree of divorce on the ground of desertion. The term 'desertion' means desertion of the petitioner by the other party to the marriage for a continuous period of not less than two years immediately preceding the presentation of the petition, without reasonable cause and without the consent or against the wish of such party and includes the wilful neglect of the petitioner by the other party to the marriage, and its grammatical variations and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly. It is also said that desertion is withdrawal not from a place but from a state of things. Facts: Rohan, a technocrat, went to US in January 2011 for pursuing his higher studies for a period of three years. In fact, Rohan went to US with the consent of his wife Basanti, who stayed at her parents' home, and with a promise of his return to India upon the completion of his studies. From US he has quite often been in touch with his wife. Subsequently, Rohan has got a job there in US and he wishes to take his wife. She refuses to go to US and, in the meantime, she files a petition for a decree of divorce on the ground of desertion by her husband.

A Rohan’s three year stay in US in the above context can amount to a ground of desertion for divorce

B Rohan’s three year stay in US in the above context cannot amount to a ground of desertion for divorce

C Rohan’s continued stay after three years can amount to a ground of desertion for divorce

D Basanti’s refusal can amount to a ground of desertion for divorce

12. Principle: Under the Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956, no person shall be capable of being taken in adoption unless he or she is a Hindu, he or she has not already been adopted, he or she has not been married, unless there is a custom or usage applicable to the parties which permits persons who are married being taken in adoption, and he or she has not completed the age of fifteen years, unless there is a custom or usage applicable to the parties which permits persons who have completed the age of fifteen years being take in adoption. Fact: Vijay being natural father had given Tarun; a boy aged 10 Years, in adoption to Manoj in March 2010 in accordance with the Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956. In May 2012 Manoj gave Tarun in adoption to Sanjay. Subsequently in December 2013, Sanjay gave Tarun in adoption to Vijay.

A Adoption of Tarun by Sanjay is valid

B Adoption of Tarun by Vijay is valid

C Adoption of Tarun by Manoj is valid

D None of the above adoptions is valid

13. Principle: Under copyright law, copyright subsists in original literary works also. A literary work need not be of literary quality. Even so prose, a work as an index of railway stations or a railway guide or a list of stock exchange quotations qualifies as a literary work if sufficient work has been expended in compiling it to give it a new and original character. Facts: Michael’s works hard enough, walking down the streets, taking down the names of people who live at houses and makes a street directory as a result of that labour.

A Michael’s exercise in making a street directory is sufficient to justify in making claim to copyright in that work which is ultimately produced

B Michael’s exercise in making a street directory is not enough to justify in making claim to copyright in that work

C A street directory cannot be enough to be considered as a literary work

D None of the above statements is correct

14. Principle: Every person shall be liable to punishment under the Indian Penal Code and not otherwise for every act or omission contrary to the provisions of the Code of which he shall be guilty within the territory of India. In other words, the exercise of criminal jurisdiction depends upon the locality of the offence committed, and not upon the nationality or locality of the offender. Facts: 'X', a Pakistani citizen, while staying at Karachi, made false representations to 'Y', the complainant, at Bombay through letters, telephone calls and telegrams and induced the complainant to part with money amounting to over rupees five lakh to the agents of 'X' at Bombay, so that rice could be shipped from Karachi to India as per agreement. But the rice was never supplied to the complainant.

A The offence of cheating under section 420 of the Code was committed by ‘X’ within India, even though he was not physically present at the time and place of the crime

B The offence of cheating as per section 420 of the Code was not committed by ‘X’ within India, as he was not physically present at the time and place of the crime

C Only the agents of ‘X’ had committed the offence of cheating under section 420 of the Code within India, as they were physically present at the time and place of the crime

D ‘Y’ was also liable for the offence of cheating under section 420 of the Code within India, as he was physically present at the time and place of the crime

15. Principle: One of the principles of natural justice is Nemo Judex in causa sua, which means that no one should be a judge in his own case. In other words, no person can judge a case in which he has an interest. Facts: ‘X’, a member of the selection board for a government service, was also a candidate for selection for the same service. ‘X’ did not take part in the deliberations of the board when his name was considered and approved.

A Selection of ‘X’ is against the principle of natural justice

B Selection of ‘X’ is not against the principle of natural justice

C ‘X’ has committed a violation of the principle of natural justice

D ‘X’ is allowed to be selected despite his involvement in the process

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CLAT Questions

1.
I rise to apprise this august House of the foreign policy dimension of our response to the Pahalgam terrorist attack, going into the preparations for Operation Sindoor and how foreign policy was handled during Operation Sindoor. As all the honourable members would appreciate, it was important to send a clear, strong and resolute message after the Pahalgam attack. Our red lines had been crossed and we had to make it very apparent that there would be serious consequences. As a result, the first step which was taken was that a meeting of the Cabinet Committee of Security took place on the 23rd of April, and that meeting decided that:
- One, the Indus Water Treaty of 1960 will be held in abeyance with immediate effect until Pakistan credibly and irrevocably abjures its support for cross-border terrorism.
- Two, the integrated checkpost Attari would be closed with immediate effect.
- Three, Pakistani nationals who were traveling under SAARC visa exemption scheme would no longer be allowed to do that.
- Four, the Defence, Naval and Air Advisors of the Pakistani High Commission would be declared persona non-grata and,
- Five, the overall strength of the High Commission would be brought down to 30 from the number of 55. (207 words)
(Excerpts from Statement made by Minister of External Affairs Dr. S Jaishankar on special discussion in Lok Sabha on Operation Sindoor dated 28th Jul 2025)
2.
One of the central motifs of the past decade of governance under Indian Prime Minister has been the embrace of policy measures that seek to apply uniform solutions to disparate policy dilemmas facing the country. These measures, often termed One Nation policies, are motivated by a desire to replace the existing patchwork of state-specific policies, regulations, and regimes with measures that are identical across the length and breadth of India.
There are numerous examples of such One Nation policies being propagated and, in several cases, implemented in the eleven years since this Government came to power. For instance, in 2016, Parliament passed a series of constitutional amendments to introduce a new Goods and Services Tax (GST), which introduced a unified value-added tax in place of state-specific levies. This reform, known informally as One Nation, One Tax, had been debated and discussed for nearly two decades and was widely touted as an important precursor to forging a common market across India’s twenty-eight states.
In a similar vein, the government rolled out a new initiative to allow Indian citizens to take advantage of subsidized food rations irrespective of their state of residence. This scheme, commonly termed One Nation, One Ration Card, was intended to increase access to welfare benefits, especially for the millions of internal migrants in India without a fixed place of residence.
Earlier this year, the government announced the launch of a new online portal that will provide students, faculty, and researchers across the country’s public higher education institutions with open access to international scholarly journals and articles under a scheme it has dubbed One Nation, One Subscription.
Most notably, the government recently signalled its intention to pursue a monumental One Nation policy that has been long discussed but only recently outlined in detail. This measure, known as One Nation, One Election, would do away with India’s current system of staggered elections for state and national assemblies, replacing it with a framework of simultaneous elections. The proposal, which has featured in many of PM’s speeches in the past, was advanced by a high-level committee (HLC) established by the government in 2023. (351 words)
3.
Trump's Triple Whammy on India
US president Donald Trump has landed a triple whammy on India by torpedoing the H-1B visa programme, days after revoking sanctions waiver on Chabahar port in Iran and weeks after imposing a 50% tariff on Indian exports to the US. The White House also maintained a conspicuous silence on the Pakistan-Saudi Arabia mutual defence treaty amid reports that neither country informed Washington of the pact, suggesting a growing US indifference to India's concerns. The triple blow has shaken US-India ties to the foundation, mystifying experts who expected a reset after an exchange of friendly messages between Modi and Trump. While some observers see in the crackdown on H-1B a pressure tactic to make India bend on the trade deal, sources familiar with the dynamics of the current White House say the two issues are unrelated and Trump was convinced of the need to “reform” the guest worker visa programme ever since MAGA hardliners persuaded him that American workers were being gamed out of jobs by foreign companies and US big tech acting in tandem. (174 words)
[Extracted from the newspaper, The Times of India, September 21, 2025]
4.
Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi participated in the 25th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), held in Tianjin, China, from 31 August to 1 September 2025. The Summit witnessed productive discussions on SCO Development Strategy, Reform of Global Governance, Counter-Terrorism, Peace and Security, Economic and Financial Cooperation, and Sustainable Development.
Addressing the Summit, Prime Minister highlighted India’s approach to strengthening cooperation under the SCO framework. In this regard, he noted that India seeks greater action under three pillars – Security, Connectivity and Opportunity. Emphasising that peace, security and stability remain key to progress and prosperity, he called upon member countries to take firm and decisive action to fight terrorism in all its manifestations. Prime Minister underlined the need for coordinated action against terror financing and radicalization. Thanking member countries for their strong solidarity in the wake of the Pahalgam terror attack, he emphasized that there should be no double standards in dealing with terrorism and urged the group to hold countries who perpetrate and support cross-border terrorism accountable.
Highlighting the role of connectivity in fostering development and building trust, Prime Minister stated that India strongly supported projects such as Chabahar port and International North-South Transport Corridor. He also spoke about opportunities in the fields of start-ups, innovation, youth empowerment and shared heritage, which must be pursued under the SCO umbrella. Prime Minister proposed commencing a Civilizational Dialogue Forum within the group to foster greater people-to-people ties and cultural understanding. (246 words)
(Excerpts from the Press release issued by Press Information Bureau Govt of India, dated 1st September 2025)
5.
Health insurance plays a vital role in ensuring financial protection and access to quality healthcare. In India, however, the extent and nature of health insurance coverage vary significantly between urban and rural areas. While urban populations often have better access to organized insurance schemes, employer-provided coverage, and awareness about health policies, rural populations face challenges such as limited outreach of insurance schemes, inadequate infrastructure, and lower awareness levels. This urban-rural divide in health insurance coverage highlights the broader issue of healthcare inequality, making it essential to analyze the factors contributing to this gap and explore strategies for more inclusive health protection. A state-level health survey was conducted.
The survey covered 1,80,000 adults across urban and rural areas. Urban residents formed 55% of the sample (that is, 99,000 people) while rural residents made up 45% (that is, 81,000 people). In each area, coverage was classified under four heads – Public schemes, Private insurance, Employer-provided coverage, and Uninsured. In urban areas, Public coverage accounted for 28% of the urban population, Private for 22%, Employer for 18%, and the remaining 32% were Uninsured. In rural areas, where formal coverage is generally lower, Public coverage stood at 35%, Private at 10%, Employer at 8%, while 47% were Uninsured.
For this survey, “Insured” includes everyone covered by Public + Private + Employer schemes, and “Uninsured” indicates those with no coverage at all. Officials noted that public schemes remain the backbone of rural coverage, while employer and private plans are relatively more prevalent in urban centres. (250 words)
6.
I may here trace the history of the shaping of the Preamble because this would show that the Preamble was in conformity with the Constitution as it was finally accepted. Not only was the Constitution framed in the light of the Preamble but the Preamble was ultimately settled in the light of the Constitution. In the earliest draft the Preamble was something formal and read: "We, the people of India, seeking to promote the common good, do hereby, through our chosen representatives, enact, adopt and give to ourselves this Constitution." After the plan of June 3, 1947, which led to the decision to partition the country and to set up two independent Dominions of India and Pakistan, on June 8, 1947, a joint sub-committee of the Union Constitution and Provincial Constitution Committees, took note that the objective resolution would require amendment in view of the latest announcement of the British Government. The announcement of June 3 had made it clear that full independence, in the form of Dominion Status, would be conferred on India as from August 15, 1947. After examining the implications of partition the sub-committee thought that the question of making changes in the Objectives Resolution could appropriately be considered only when effect had actually been given to the June 3 Plan. Later on July 12, 1947, the special sub-committee again postponed consideration of the matter. The Union Constitution Committee provisionally accepted the Preamble as drafted by B.N. Rao and reproduced it in its report of July 4, 1947 without any change, with the tacit recognition at that stage that the Preamble would be finally based on the Objectives Resolution. In a statement circulated to members of the Assembly on July 18, 1947 Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru inter alia, observed that the Preamble was covered more or less by the Objectives Resolution which it was intended to incorporate in the final Constitution, subject to some modification on account of the political changes resulting from partition. (327 words) [Extracted with edits and revision from B Shiva Rao's - Framing of India's Constitution]

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