GATE 2023 Agricultural Engineering Question Paper PDF is available here for download. IIT Kanpur conducted GATE 2023 Agricultural Engineering exam on February 11, 2023 in the Afternoon Session from 02:30 PM to 05:30 PM. Students have to answer 65 questions in GATE 2023 Agricultural Engineering Question Paper carrying a total weightage of 100 marks. 10 questions are from the General Aptitude section and 55 questions are from Engineering Mathematics and Core Discipline.

GATE 2023 Agricultural Engineering Question Paper with Answer Key PDF

GATE 2023 Agricultural Engineering Question Paper with answer key PDF Download PDF Check Solutions

GATE 2023 Agricultural Engineering Question Paper with Solutions


Question 1:

“You are delaying the completion of the task. Send _____ contributions at the earliest.”

  • (A) you are
  • (B) your
  • (C) you’re
  • (D) yore

Question 2:

References : _____ : Guidelines : Implement (By word meaning)

  • (A) Sight
  • (B) Site
  • (C) Cite
  • (D) Plagiarise

Question 3:

In the given figure, PQRS is a parallelogram with \(PS=7\) cm, \(PT=4\) cm and \(PV=5\) cm. What is the length of \(RS\) in cm? (The diagram is representative.)

  • (A) \(\dfrac{20}{7}\)
  • (B) \(\dfrac{28}{5}\)
  • (C) \(\dfrac{9}{2}\)
  • (D) \(\dfrac{35}{4}\)

Question 4:

In 2022, June Huh was awarded the Fields medal, which is the highest prize in Mathematics. When he was younger, he was also a poet. He did not win any medals in the International Mathematics Olympiads. He dropped out of college. Based only on the above information, which one of the following statements can be logically inferred with certainty?

  • (A) Every Fields medalist has won a medal in an International Mathematics Olympiad.
  • (B) Everyone who has dropped out of college has won the Fields medal.
  • (C) All Fields medalists are part-time poets.
  • (D) Some Fields medalists have dropped out of college.

Question 5:

A line of symmetry is defined as a line that divides a figure into two parts in a way such that each part is a mirror image of the other part about that line. The given figure consists of 16 unit squares arranged as shown. In addition to the three black squares, what is the minimu M number of squares that must be coloured black, such that both \(PQ\) (vertical) and \(MN\) (the bottom-left to top-right diagonal) form lines of symmetry? (The figure is representative)

  • (A) 3
  • (B) 4
  • (C) 5
  • (D) 6

Question 6:

Human beings are one among many creatures that inhabit an imagined world. In this imagined world, some creatures are cruel. If in this imagined world, it is given that the statement “Some human beings are not cruel creatures” is FALSE, then which of the following set of statement(s) can be logically inferred with certainty?

  • (i) All human beings are cruel creatures.
  • (ii) Some human beings are cruel creatures.
  • (iii) Some creatures that are cruel are human beings.
  • (iv) No human beings are cruel creatures.
  • (A) only (i)
  • (B) only (iii) and (iv)
  • (C) only (i) and (ii)
  • (D) (i), (ii) and (iii)

Question 7:

To construct a wall, sand and cement are mixed in the ratio of 3:1. The cost of sand and that of cement are in the ratio of 1:2.

If the total cost of sand and cement to construct the wall is 1000 rupees, then what is the cost (in rupees) of cement used?

  • (A) 400
  • (B) 600
  • (C) 800
  • (D) 200

Question 8:

The World Bank has declared that it does not plan to offer new financing to Sri Lanka, which is battling its worst economic crisis in decades, until the country has an adequate macroeconomic policy framework in place. In a statement, the World Bank said Sri Lanka needed to adopt structural reforms that focus on economic stabilisation and tackle the root causes of its crisis. The latter has starved it of foreign exchange and led to shortages of food, fuel, and medicines. The bank is repurposing resources under existing loans to help alleviate shortages of essential items such as medicine, cooking gas, fertiliser, meals for children, and cash for vulnerable households. Based only on the above passage, which one of the following statements can be inferred with certainty?

  • (A) According to the World Bank, the root cause of Sri Lanka’s economic crisis is that it does not have enough foreign exchange.
  • (B) The World Bank has stated that it will advise the Sri Lankan government about how to tackle the root causes of its economic crisis.
  • (C) According to the World Bank, Sri Lanka does not yet have an adequate macroeconomic policy framework.
  • (D) The World Bank has stated that it will provide Sri Lanka with additional funds for essentials such as food, fuel, and medicines.

Question 9:

The coefficient of \(x^4\) in the polynomial \((x-1)^3(x-2)^3\) is equal to _____.

  • (A) 33
  • (B) -3
  • (C) 30
  • (D) 21

Question 10:

Which one of the following shapes can be used to tile (completely cover by repeating) a flat plane, extending to infinity in all directions, without leaving any empty spaces in between them? The copies of the shape used to tile are identical and are not allowed to overlap.

  • (A) circle
  • (B) regular octagon
  • (C) regular pentagon
  • (D) rhombus

Question 11:

If \(A\) and \(B\) are square matrices of order \(3\) such that \(|A|=-1\) and \(|B|=3\), then \(|3AB|\) equals:

  • (A) \(-81\)
  • (B) \(-27\)
  • (C) \(-9\)
  • (D) \(81\)

Question 12:

Evaluate the limit \[ \lim_{x\to 0}\frac{\sqrt{\,1+x\,}-1}{x}. \]

  • (A) \(0\)
  • (B) \(\tfrac{1}{2}\)
  • (C) \(1\)
  • (D) \(2\)

Question 13:

The value of \[ I=\int_0^{\pi/2}\frac{(\sin x+\cos x)^2}{\sqrt{1+\sin 2x}}\,dx \]
is:

  • (A) 0
  • (B) 1
  • (C) 2
  • (D) 3

Question 14:

\(y=ae^{mx}+be^{-mx}\) is the solution of the differential equation:

  • (A) \(\dfrac{dy}{dx}-my=0\)
  • (B) \(\dfrac{dy}{dx}+my=0\)
  • (C) \(\dfrac{d^2y}{dx^2}+m^2y=0\)
  • (D) \(\dfrac{d^2y}{dx^2}-m^2y=0\)

Question 15:

In rotary tiller, the total energy requirement for carrying out tillage will decrease if

  • (A) the bite length is increased
  • (B) the bite length is decreased
  • (C) the cone index of soil is higher
  • (D) forward speed of the machine is reduced

Question 16:

The effectiveness of the turbocharger of a diesel engine increases when

  • (A) the ambient temperature increases
  • (B) the pressure ratio across the compressor decreases
  • (C) the load on the engine increases
  • (D) the displacement volume of the engine decreases

Question 17:

In a thresher, the cylinder separation efficiency can be improved by increasing

  • (A) cylinder diameter
  • (B) cylinder speed
  • (C) cylinder–concave clearance
  • (D) feed rate

Question 18:

In a 4-stroke single cylinder diesel engine, the inlet valve opens at \(10^\circ\) before TDC and closes at \(40^\circ\) after BDC. The exhaust valve opens at \(25^\circ\) before BDC and closes at \(15^\circ\) after TDC. The percentage of time for which both valves remain closed in one engine cycle is

  • (A) 32.29
  • (B) 40.97
  • (C) 46.53
  • (D) 75.01

Question 19:

The torque available at maximum power developed by the tractor is \(150\ \mathrm{N\,m}\). If the reserve torque is \(20%\), the peak torque that can be developed by the tractor (in \(\mathrm{N\,m}\)) is

  • (A) 100
  • (B) 120
  • (C) 180
  • (D) 210

Question 20:

The statement which is not correct for the porous medium is

  • (A) Seepage velocity is always greater than the Darcy’s velocity
  • (B) Darcy’s velocity is not exclusively controlled by soil porosity
  • (C) Seepage velocity increases with increasing surface ponding of water
  • (D) Darcy’s velocity in unsaturated soil is always greater than that in saturated soil

Question 21:

A sprinkler irrigation system has been designed for a crop with the water application rate of \(1.17 \,cm h^{-1}\) and sprinkler discharge of \(1.3 \,L s^{-1}\). The coefficient of discharge and uniformity coefficient are 0.9 and 0.8, respectively. If the sprinkler spacing along the lateral is 20 m, the lateral spacing in m is

  • (A) 14.4
  • (B) 16.0
  • (C) 18.0
  • (D) 20.0

Question 22:

The average discharge, operating pressure and emitter constant of a drip emitter are \(4\,L h^{-1}\), \(110\,kPa\) and \(0.3\), respectively. The type of emitter is

  • (A) orifice
  • (B) long path
  • (C) pressure compensating
  • (D) disc

Question 23:

If the departure and latitude of a line are \(70\ m\) and \(-130\ m\), respectively, then the whole circle bearing (WCB) of the line in degrees is

  • (A) 28
  • (B) 62
  • (C) 152
  • (D) 208

Question 24:

Match the Columns:

  • (A) 1 – c, 2 – b, 3 – a, 4 – e, 5 – d
  • (B) 1 – c, 2 – d, 3 – a, 4 – e, 5 – b
  • (C) 1 – d, 2 – c, 3 – e, 4 – a, 5 – b
  • (D) 1 – c, 2 – d, 3 – a, 4 – b, 5 – e

Question 25:

The information needed for estimating the design flood using Rational formula is:

  • (A) cumulative infiltration
  • (B) antecedent moisture condition of soil
  • (C) shape factor of the catchment
  • (D) time of concentration of the catchment

Question 26:

The microbial death kinetics for a food suspension follows the equation:
\[ \log \frac{N_0}{N} = 1 + \frac{t - t_l}{D} \]

where \(N_0 =\) initial microbial load, \(N =\) microbial load after time \(t\), \(t_l =\) lag time, and \(D =\) decimal reduction time.

The correct statement for this equation is:

  • (A) the time required to reduce 10% of the initial population is lag time.
  • (B) the time required to reduce the initial 90% of population is lag time.
  • (C) time required to kill the first 90% population is lower than \(D\) value at the same temperature.
  • (D) lag time approaches \(D\) value as \(N_0\) becomes smaller and temperature decreases.

Question 27:

If the diameter of fat globule in a cream separator is reduced to half and the rotational speed of the centrifuge increased to three times, the terminal settling velocity of fat globule is:

  • (A) decreased to 0.44 times
  • (B) increased to 0.44 times
  • (C) decreased to 2.25 times
  • (D) increased to 2.25 times

Question 28:

The log mean temperature difference (LMTD) correction factor is not required during heat transfer rate calculation in:

  • (A) plate heat exchanger
  • (B) 1 shell pass and 1 tube pass heat exchanger
  • (C) 1 shell pass and 2 tube pass heat exchanger
  • (D) 2 shell pass and 4 tube pass heat exchanger

Question 29:

Identify the dimensionless parameter(s) from the following:

  • (A) Cone index
  • (B) Puddling index
  • (C) Performance index
  • (D) Reel index

Question 30:

The probability that a storm event with a return period of 20 years will occur once in a 5-year period is ____________________ (rounded off to 2 decimal places).


Question 31:

Considering declining balance method, the constant rate of depreciation at which the value of the tractor will come down to 50% of its purchase price at the end of 4th year (in percent) is ____________________ (rounded off to 2 decimal places).


Question 32:

A trapezoidal grassed waterway with side slope (H:V) of 1:1 carries a design discharge of \(1 \, m^3/s\). The bed slope and Manning’s roughness coefficient of this channel are 1% and 0.04, respectively. The design depth of the best hydraulic trapezoidal grassed waterway section in m is ___________ (rounded off to 2 decimal places).


Question 33:

The minimum fluidization height of 1.20 m is maintained during fluidized bed drying of carrots. The bed diameter of the fluidized bed dryer is 0.6 m. If mass and solid density of carrots are 250 kg and 1040 kg/m\(^3\), respectively, then the porosity of the bed at the minimum fluidization condition is __________ (rounded off to 3 decimal places, \(\pi = 3.14\)).


Question 34:

The lighter liquid layer and the interphase layer in a basket centrifuge, rotating at a speed of 1000 rpm, are 0.1025 m and 0.105 m away from the center, respectively. Considering the densities of lighter and heavier liquids as 920 kg/m\(^3\) and 1015 kg/m\(^3\), the differential pressure in horizontal direction required to maintain the interphase layer in kPa is __________ (rounded off to 3 decimal places, \(\pi = 3.14\)).


Question 35:

The upstream and downstream pressures in a homogenizer during homogenization of milk are maintained at 250 bar and 10 bar, respectively. If density of milk is 1030 kg/m\(^3\), then the velocity at which milk comes out of the homogenizing valve in m/s is __________ (rounded off to 3 decimal places).


Question 36:

If and \((A + B)^2 = A^2 + B^2\), then the values of \(a\) and \(b\) are:

  • (A) \(a = 4, \; b = 1\)
  • (B) \(a = 1, \; b = 4\)
  • (C) \(a = 0, \; b = 4\)
  • (D) \(a = 2, \; b = 4\)

Question 37:

A vector \(\vec{F} = 5\hat{i} - 10\hat{j} + 8\hat{k}\) is passing through the origin of a 3-D frame. Considering the tendency of rotation in the counter clockwise direction as positive, the moment about a point \(A: (3, 4, 8)\) is:

  • (A) \(-16\hat{i} + 112\hat{j} + 50\hat{k}\)
  • (B) \(112\hat{i} + 16\hat{j} - 50\hat{k}\)
  • (C) \(50\hat{i} - 112\hat{j} + 16\hat{k}\)
  • (D) \(-112\hat{i} - 16\hat{j} + 50\hat{k}\)

Question 38:

A vertical disc plough with 5 discs is operated at a depth of 0.15 m. The disc angle and disc diameter are \(40^\circ\) and 0.6 m, respectively. If overlap between two consecutive discs is 0.12 m at 0.15 m depth of cut, the total width of cut at the specified depth in m is:

  • (A) 1.19
  • (B) 1.55
  • (C) 2.11
  • (D) 2.36

Question 39:

In a 9 × 20 cm fluted roller type seed drill, each fluted roller is discharging 4.25 g of seed per revolution of fluted roller shaft. The fluted roller shaft rotates once for two complete rotations of the ground drive wheel of the seed drill. The rolling diameter of the ground drive wheel is 0.35 m. Considering no skid of the ground drive wheel, the seed rate in kg/ha is (take \(\pi = 3.14\)):

  • (A) 96.62
  • (B) 141.55
  • (C) 187.35
  • (D) 386.42

Question 40:

A field sprayer with 12 nozzles fitted to the boom at a spacing of 0.5 m is used for spraying at a height of 0.75 m from the ground. The angle of spraying is \(75^\circ\). If the height of spraying is reduced to 0.6 m, the change in swath in m is:

  • (A) 0.23
  • (B) 0.48
  • (C) 0.65
  • (D) 0.91

Question 41:

The ordinates of a 6-hour S-hydrograph of a catchment are given in the table. The catchment has phi-index of 0.25 cm h\(^{-1}\) and baseflow of 10.5 m\(^3\)/s. The peak of the flood hydrograph generated from this catchment due to a storm of 45 mm received during the first 6 h in m\(^3\)/s is:

  • (A) 259.5
  • (B) 270.0
  • (C) 280.5
  • (D) 349.5

Question 42:

It is planned to provide irrigation in a crop field having field capacity and permanent wilting point of the soil as 0.21 cm\(^3\)/cm\(^3\) and 0.09 cm\(^3\)/cm\(^3\), respectively. The crop root zone depth is 0.90 m. The growing period of this crop is 1\(^st\) January to 31\(^st\) March, during which the observed reference evapotranspiration (ET\(_r\)), effective rainfall (P\(_e\)) and crop coefficients (K\(_c\)) are given:

Considering management allowable deficit (MAD) for this crop as 50%, the average irrigation interval during the growing period in days is:

  • (A) 4
  • (B) 6
  • (C) 8
  • (D) 11

Question 43:

The infiltration capacity of a basin is described by Horton’s equation: \[ I = 2 + e^{-3t} \]
where \(I\) is in cm/h and \(t\) is in hours. If the duration of the storm event is 2 hours, the depth of infiltration in the last 1 hour of the storm event in mm is:

  • (A) 5
  • (B) 10
  • (C) 20
  • (D) 25

Question 44:

In a juice filtration process, solid concentration per m\(^3\) of filtrate is 0.2 kg. During filtration of 12.49 m\(^3\) of juice, 0.02 m thick cake (porosity of 0.32) is deposited. If 2.5 kg of solid is collected in 180 s, the pressure drop across the cake in kPa is:
\[ Absolute viscosity of juice = 2.12 \times 10^{-3} \, kg m^{-1}s^{-1}, \quad Specific cake resistance = 1.2 \times 10^8 \, m kg^{-1} \]

  • (A) 0.18
  • (B) 1.81
  • (C) 18.06
  • (D) 180.60

Question 45:

Cheese is packed in a bilayer plastic package made of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Thickness of LDPE and PET in the package are 1.5 mm and 1.3 mm, respectively. The surface area of the plastic package is 6.25 cm\(^2\). The partial pressure difference of oxygen across the package wall is 0.30 atm. The permeability coefficient of oxygen in LDPE and PET are \(4.18 \times 10^{-8} \, cm^3 \, cm cm^{-2} s^{-1}atm^{-1}\) and \(1.67 \times 10^{-10} \, cm^3 \, cm cm^{-2} s^{-1}atm^{-1}\), respectively. If the food gets spoiled when it absorbs 0.025 ml oxygen, then the shelf life of food in days is:

  • (A) 121
  • (B) 103
  • (C) 73
  • (D) 61

Question 46:

The rotor shaft of an ice cream freezer consists of 3 scraper blades. The temperature difference between the ice cream mix and the refrigerant during freezing of ice cream is \(30^\circ C\). Density and latent heat of fusion of ice are 917 kg m\(^{-3}\) and 335 kJ kg\(^{-1}\), respectively. The overall heat transfer coefficient is 2000 kJ m\(^{-2}\) h\(^{-1}\) \(^{\circ}C^{-1}\). If the maximum thickness of ice formed before being scraped off is 10 μm, the minimum speed of the scraper shaft in rpm is:

  • (A) 88
  • (B) 109
  • (C) 121
  • (D) 149

Question 47:

The percentage absolute humidity of air becomes equal to the percentage relative humidity, when:

  • (A) absolute humidity of air is equal to relative humidity
  • (B) saturated humidity of air is equal to relative humidity
  • (C) air is almost or completely dry
  • (D) air is almost or completely saturated

Question 48:

Dimensionless numbers play an important role in correlating transfer coefficients during forced convection. In relation to the dimensionless numbers, the correct statement(s) is/are:

  • (A) Prandtl number in heat transfer is analogous to Schmidt number in mass transfer
  • (B) Small value of Prandtl number signifies lower thermal diffusion as compared to momentum diffusion
  • (C) Prandtl number is the ratio of momentum diffusivity to the thermal diffusivity of the fluid
  • (D) Lewis number is the product of Schmidt number and Prandtl number

Question 49:

In a locality ‘A’, the probability of a convective storm event is 0.7 with a density function \[ f_{X_1}(x_1) = e^{-x_1}, \; x_1 > 0 \]
The probability of a tropical cyclone-induced storm in the same location is given by the density function \[ f_{X_2}(x_2) = 2 e^{-2x_2}, \; x_2 > 0 \]
The probability of occurring more than 1 unit of storm event is ____________ (rounded off to 2 decimal places).


Question 50:

Given that \[ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2x + y, \quad y(0) = 1 \]
Using Runge-Kutta fourth order method, the value of \(y\) at \(x = 0.2\) is _________ (rounded off to 3 decimal places).


Question 51:

A power operated chaff cutter with a mean cutting radius of 0.25 m is fitted with two cutting knives and is rotating at 300 rpm. Thirty maize stalks with a mean diameter of 12 mm are fed through the throat at a time. The dynamic shear strength of the stalk is 0.05 N mm\(^{-2}\). The mass and radius of gyration of the flywheel (including knives) are 40 kg and 0.27 m, respectively. The total shaft power requirement in kW is _______________ (rounded off to 2 decimal places).


Question 52:

A two-wheel drive tractor with a total weight of 24 kN has a static weight distribution of 30% and 70% at the front and rear axles, respectively. When the tractor is operated on a level ground of pure sand, the maximum tractive force developed is 13 kN. If external weight of 1.5 kN is added to the rear axle, neglecting weight transfer, the change in maximum tractive force in kN is _______________.


Question 53:

A 4-stroke diesel engine can be operated with either diesel (HV = 45 MJ/kg) or biodiesel B20 (HV = 42.1 MJ/kg). Brake specific fuel consumption: diesel = 260 g/kWh, B20 = 310 g/kWh. For brake power = 20 kW, the change in brake thermal efficiency of the engine when B20 is used is ___________.


Question 54:

A solar photovoltaic system receives radiations between 400–750 W/m\(^2\). Efficiency = 14%. Cell parameters: \(V_{oc} = 21.6 \, V\), \(I_{sc} = 3.22 \, A\), fill factor = 0.72. Find minimum cell area required to generate 10 kW power.


Question 55:

A single disc clutch is used to transmit 10 kW power at 1400 rpm. The axial pressure = 0.07 N/mm\(^2\), coefficient of friction = 0.25, ratio of inner to outer radius = 0.8. If the uniform wear theory applies, the required face width of clutch lining is __________.


Question 56:

In a tractor seat system, the chassis frequency and seat suspension damping rate are 20 rad s\(^{-1}\) and 400 N m\(^{-1}\) s, respectively. The critical damping rate of the tractor seat system is 1600 N m\(^{-1}\) s. If the combined mass of the seat and operator is 80 kg, the transmissibility of vibration is _________ (rounded off to 2 decimal places).


Question 57:

Two cylindrical reservoirs ‘A’ and ‘B’ are connected by a 30 m long pipe of 250 mm internal diameter as shown. Darcy friction factor for the pipe is 0.025. Initially reservoir ‘A’ was full and reservoir ‘B’ was empty. Neglecting entrance and exit losses, find the time required to empty reservoir ‘A’ in hours (rounded off to 3 decimal places).
 



Question 58:

A homogenous anisotropic earthen dam of height 52 m with a free board of 2 m is constructed on an impermeable foundation. The horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivities of soil are \(K_h = 4.5 \times 10^{-8} \, m/s\) and \(K_v = 2.0 \times 10^{-8} \, m/s\). There are 6 flow channels and 25 equipotential drops in a square flownet drawn in the transformed dam section. If the downstream dam side is dry, the quantity of seepage per unit length through the dam in m\(^3\)/day/m is __________.


Question 59:

A salt affected crop field is to be leached with irrigation water having salt concentration of 3.5 meq/L. Salt concentration in saturation extract of soil is 15.2 meq/L. Leaching efficiency of field = 55%. In March, ET\(_0\) = 150 mm, effective rainfall = 75 mm, crop coefficient = 1.05. Find leaching requirement for the month in mm.


Question 60:

A 10 m pipe carries peak discharge = 1 m\(^3\)/s, head = 4 m, entrance loss coefficient = 0.5, friction loss coefficient = 0.02. Find neutral slope of water level in %.


Question 61:

Discharge from centrifugal pump at 1000 rpm with head = 30 m is 300 L/min. Efficiency = 65%. If speed increases to 1200 rpm, find power required.


Question 62:

A 0.30 m well penetrates an unconfined aquifer (saturated depth = 40 m). Pumping 0.03 m\(^3\)/s for 8 hours. Drawdowns in two observation wells: 3 m at 20 m, 2 m at 50 m. Find drawdown in pumping well in m.


Question 63:

The apparent wall shear stress in a 0.6 m long pipe line carrying refined oil is 12.5 Pa. If the pressure drop along the length is 300 Pa and flow rate is 0.25 m\(^3\)/s, the absolute viscosity of oil in \(10^{-3}\) Pa·s is __________.


Question 64:

The carrot slices (water activity = 0.89) are to be preserved using osmo-dehydration. Addition of salt (NaCl) to 20% sucrose solution (water activity = 0.987) reduces the water activity to 0.85. Find the percentage of NaCl added to the solution. (Molecular mass of sucrose = 342, molecular mass of NaCl = 58.44).


Question 65:

A copper ball and a steel ball having diameters \(d_1\) and \(d_2\), respectively, are initially at 200°C. Both are cooled to ambient 30°C. If both reach 120°C in equal duration, find ratio \(d_1/d_2\). Assume Biot < 0.1.