Living World MCQs: Overview and Explanation

Ans: (d) Kinesiology – The study Fossil fossils

Explanation: In reality, Kinesiology is a type of therapy that mainly utilizes muscle monitoring, also known as biofeedback, that helps look at the various imbalances that potentially caused or is causing a disease in the body. Ideally, it targets at detecting and accurately correcting the imbalances that actively relate to nutrition, minor wounds/injuries, or stress. However, it is not used for diagnosing disorders.

Also Read: Difference between Biology and Zoology

Ans: (a) Adolf Engler and Karl Prantl

Explanation: Adolf Engler (1843 - 1930) and Karl Prantl (1849 - 1893), two major German Botanists, formerly proposed the 23 volume idea of the phylogenetic system of classification in their collective work “De Naturalischen Pflanzenfamilien”. The phylogenetic system of classification mainly includes evolutionary relationships. In this proposition, the ancestor and various other related organisms were minutely studied for organism classification.

Ans: (c) Taxon

Explanation: A unit or simply a category of classification is usually called a taxon, especially since it also denotes a rank. Clearly, every organism that belongs to a similar taxon will potentially also share the same traits. For instance, the basic level at which we begin classification is species, that is later followed by genus, family, order, class and more – mainly in an ascending order.

Ans: (b) Species

Explanation: If considering the taxonomic hierarchy, the kingdom usually comes in the initial position, which species is known to come last. Which is to say, when comparing organisms, it is apparent that a kingdom will supposedly have more general characters than species. The correct hierarchy goes this way: Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species.

Ans: (a) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order

Explanation: Denoting as per the taxonomic hierarchy, Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order is the correct sequence. Mainly, the hierarchical ranking helps classify organisms into different categories or units. By and large, the organisms are first considered according to their kingdom, which is the largest of all. Gradually narrowing down, it comes to species, which is the smallest category that comprises closely related organisms that produce offspring.

Read More: Scientific Names of Animals and Plants

Ans: (a) Gaining or releasing of energy

Explanation: Metabolism mainly refers to various chemical processes that occur in bodies of living organisms in order to help survival. In simple words, the process of metabolism includes a bunch of life-sustaining chemical transformations inside the cells present in living organisms to maintain life. Metabolism can be further broken down to two parts: catabolism and anabolism.

Ans: (b) The genus and species names are usually in italics

Explanation: There are several steps people follow when identifying and allotting names to living organisms as per their category. Binomial nomenclature usually comes with numerous rules to abide by, which are:

- The initial letter of the genus name should be capitalized, while the initial letter of species name should be in small.

- The scientific names are to be underlined separately if handwritten.

- However, when printed, the nomenclature name should be in Italic.

Ans: (a) Haeckel

Explanation: Ernst Haeckel, in the year of 1866, first coined the term phylum for classifying living organisms. Phylum is the category that comes after Kingdom, and also comprises numerous classes that indicate common features or traits. “Phylum” especially comes from a Greek word known as “phylon” which simply means race or clan.

Read More: Flora and Fauna

Ans: (b) Pisciculture

Explanation: Pisciculture simply means the breeding, transplantation and rearing of fishes via artificial technologies, also occasionally known as fish farming. This process mainly includes raising fishes through commercial means, either in tanks or even enclosures, especially for food purposes. The species of fish includes but is not limited to catfish, tilapia, salmon and more.

Ans: (b) Linnaeus

Explanation: Linnaeus first established and proposed the practice of binomial nomenclature. It is a biological process and system that allows naming different living organisms. The name can be bifurcated into two major parts, where the first term signifies the genus and the second denotes the species of the organism. It allows naming every organism, from animals to organisms we cannot see through the naked eye.

Ans: (b) Allopatric species

Explanation: It is known that the reproductive isolation which is mainly found in different geographical locations can be created via allopatric species. In simple words, the species situated at numerous distinct geographical locations are referred to as allopatric species. It especially takes place when the biological population of similar species tend to become isolated from one another until it hinders gene flow.

Read Also: Allopatric And Sympatric Speciation: Definition, Differences and Examples

Ans: (c) Having an identical name of two different taxa

Explanation: A homonym, in layman’s language, is when two words sound or spell the same, but have different meanings. In Biology, a homonym is an identical name allotted to two different taxa. As per International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the first published name will have to be the senior homonym, while junior homonyms are to be substituted with new names.

Ans: (d) Species

Explanation: Species are actually known as the biologically cohesive unit mainly due to the fact that they can potentially be interbred among one another in order to produce fertile offspring. In simple words, a biologically cohesive unit is basically the group of organisms that engages and interacts among one another just so they can produce fertile offspring.

Read More: Five Kingdom Classification

Ans: (a) Genus

Explanation: Genus is the right answer. Nicotiana falls under the category of genus and belongs in the family of Solanaceae. It especially consists of many different species, like Nicotiana africana and Nicotiana tabacum. Solanaceae falls under the unit of genus of herbaceous plants and shrubs. They are usually indigenous to places like Australia, America and the South Pacific.

Ans: (a) Entropy

Explanation: In biology, the ecological efficiency is seen to be so low that every trophic level acquires the size of a smaller energy pool consecutively from where it can actively withdraw energy. Energy transformation is never completely 100 per cent efficient for reasons like this.