Plant Kingdom MCQs: Classification & Examples

Ans: (a) Bryophyta

Explanation: Bryophytes are a proposed taxonomic division that includes the liverworts, hornworts, and mosses, which are non-vascular terrestrial plants. They are typically small and prefer damp surroundings, however, they can thrive in drier ones as well. About 20,000 plant species make up the bryophytes.

Ans: (d) Volvox

Explanation: Volvox is a spherical multicellular green alga that swims with a distinctive rolling motion and contains many microscopic biflagellate somatic cells and a few big, non-motile reproductive cells called gonidia. Volvox is a genus of chlorophyte green algae belonging to the Volvocaceae family. It grows up to 50,000 cells in spherical colonies.

Ans: c. Cellulose

Explanation: Spirogyra is a filamentous green colored alga of the Zygnematales order, so named because of the helical or spiral structure of the chloroplasts. Green plants, algae, and oomycetes all have cellulose as a structural component of their major cell walls. Some bacteria emit it in order to create biofilms. The most common organic polymer on the planet is cellulose.

Ans: c. Sea fan

Explanation: The Venus Sea Fan is a delicate colonial soft coral with a fan-like form and a lattice of branching on a single plane. The coral grows from a small base to produce several main branches, side branches, and a network of little branchlets. The Venus sea fan has a similar look to Gorgonia ventalina, but with an untidy shape and short, stubby side growths coming from the main plane.

Ans: c. Sporopollenin

Explanation: Sporopollenin is a biological polymer that is chemically inert. It's a big part of what makes plant spores and pollen grains rough on the outside (exine). It has a high chemical stability and is typically well retained in soils and sediments. Material retrieved from (for example) lake sediments can provide significant information to palynologists about historical plant and fungus populations since the exine layer is frequently finely sculptured in species-specific patterns.

Ans: d. Heterosporous nature

Explanation: Selaginella species are creeping or ascending plants that grow roots and have delicate scale-like leaves (microphylls) on branching stems. Selaginella kraussiana has aerial stems that creep laterally on the substratum and are either sub-erect (Selaginella trachyphylla) or upright (Selaginella trachyphylla) (as in Selaginella erythropus). The vascular steles are made up of polystelic protosteles. In heterosporous plants, megaspores and microspores are two different size classes of spores.

Ans: b. Sphagnum

Explanation: Sphagnum is a genus of over 380 recognised species of mosses that is frequently referred to as "peat moss," however the term is also applied to peat. Sphagnum clumps can store water because both living and dead plants can contain significant amounts of water inside their cells; depending on the species, plants can hold 16 to 26 times their dry weight in water. In drier situations, the empty cells aid in water retention.

Ans: a. thick cuticles

Explanation: Conifers are a subcategory of gymnosperms that produce cone-bearing seed plants. Pinophyta, often referred to as Coniferophyta or Coniferae, is the scientific division they belong to. Pinopsida is the only living class within the division. Conifers comprise perennial woody plants having secondary growth that are found across the world. The majority of the plants are trees, with a few shrubs thrown in for good measure. Cedars, Douglas-firs, cypresses, firs, junipers, kauri, larches, pines, hemlocks, redwoods, spruces, and yews are among the many examples. Pinophyta had eight families, 68 genera, and 629 extant species as of 1998. Many conifers produce a distinctively fragrance resin that protects the tree from insect invasion and wound fungus infection.

Ans: b. Chlamydomonas

Explanation: Chlamydomonas is a green algae genus with over 150 species, all of which are unicellular flagellates that can be seen in stagnant water and damp soil, freshwater, seas, and even snow as "snow algae." Chlamydomonas is a model organism for molecular biology research, particularly in the areas of flagellar motility and chloroplast movements, biogenesis, and genetics. A zygotic meiosis occurs when a zygote undergoes meiosis immediately following karyogamy, or the fusing of two cell nuclei. The organism's diploid phase is thus ended, and many haploid cells are produced. These cells divide into larger, multicellular individuals or additional haploid cells through mitotic division. These individuals or cells unite two types of gametes (male and female) to form a zygote.

Ans: d. Independent and dominant sporophyte

Explanation: Pteridophytes are vascular plants that distribute spores and have xylem and phloem. Pteridophytes are also called "cryptogams" because they develop neither blooms nor seeds. Pteridophytes include ferns, horsetails (which are often mistaken for ferns), and lycophytes (which include club mosses, spikemosses, and quillworts). Ferns (and horsetails) are more strongly related to seed plants than lycophytes, hence they do not comprise a monophyletic group.