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The scientific name of Mango is Mangifera Indica (MI). Mango is also widely known as “aam” by Indian natives and has been used in the fields of Ayurvedic and indigenous medicine for more than 4,000 years. Mango belongs to the genus Mangifera which vastly includes almost 30 species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowing plant family called, Anacardiaceae. The family of Anacardiaceae also comprises cashews, poison ivy and hog plum. Mangifera Indica (MI), or Mango, is an evergreen tree in the Anacardiaceae family which goes to a height of 10 – 45 m.
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Key Terms: Mango, Mangifera Indica, Scientific Name, Anacardiaceae, Genus, Taxonomy, Kingdom, Phylum
Scientific Name of Mango
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Mangifera Indica (MI) is the scientific name of Mango. Mango is indigenous to the Indian subcontinent and is widely cultivated in many varieties. Mango trees are typically large in size with a height of over 90 feet.
Mango trees are large in size, dome-shaped, with dense foliage, and heavily branched from the trunk. The leaves of mango trees are usually spirally branched, linearly oblongated and lanceolated. The leaves are elliptical in shape, pointed at both ends with the leaf blades about 25 cm in length and 8 cm in width.
Taxonomy of Mango
Mangoes have originated from regions between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and Northeastern India. Mangifera Indica (MI) is believed to be first domesticated separately in South Asia and Southeast Asia centuries back. It then resulted in the formation of two distinct genetic populations in modern mangoes:
- Indian type Mango
- Southeast Asian type Mango
The species were first named by Linnaeus in the year 1753.
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Classification of Mango
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Mango can be classified as:
| Type | Classification |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Mangifera Indica |
| Higher Classification | Anacardioideae |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Family | Anacardiaceae |
| Rank | Genus |
| Order | Sapindales |
Characteristics of Mango
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There are many characteristics of Mango. A few among those are:
- Mango trees have alternate lanceolate leaves which typically range anywhere between 12-15 inches in length.
- The stem bark of Mango, or MI components have antihelminthic and antiallergic properties in them.
- Mango seeds are often used for the treatment of asthma and as an astringent.
- The leaves of mangoes, before maturity, are yellow-green or copper in colour. However, once they are mature, the leaves turn deep green and have a glossy texture.
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Also Check: Taxonomic Hierarchy of Plants and Animals
Things to Remember
- The scientific name of Mango is Mangifera Indica (MI).
- Mango is from the genus Mangifera vastly comprises almost 30 species of tropical fruiting trees.
- Mango seeds are broadly used for the treatment of asthma and as an astringent.
- There are two separate genetic population of Mangoes, Indian type Mango and Southeast Asian type Mango.
Sample Questions
Ques. What is the scientific name of Mango? [1 mark]
Ans. The scientific name of Mango is Mangifera Indica (MI).
Ques. What kind of fruit is Mango? [1 mark]
Ans. Mango fruit is considered as a drupe. Drupe can be expresssed by outer fleshy fruit (exocarp and mesocarp) which encloses a hardened endocarp with seed.
Ques. Name the inflorescnece of Mango. [2 marks]
Ans. The inflorescence of mango is known as panicle. Panicle can be defined as a racemose inflorescence and is typically a branched raceme. Herein, the flowers can be found at the shoot terminals.
Ques. What are the two genetic populations of Mangoes found today? [2 marks]
Ans. The two major genetic populations of Mangoes are:
- Indian type Mango
- Southeast Asian type Mango.
Ques. How are mangoes propagated? [1 mark]
Ans. Mangoes are propagated by the method of Grafting. Grafting can be defined as one of the modes of vegetative propagation now broadly used to propagate mangoes.
Ques. What is the higher classification of Mangoes? [1 mark]
Ans. The higher classification of Mango is Anacardioideae.
Ques. Which order do Mangoes fall under? [1 mark]
Ans. The order Mangoes fall under is Sapindales.
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