Cell structure and function - NEET Previous Year Questions with Solutions and Weightage

Cell Structure & Function is an important and high-weightage topic for the NEET exam. The topic carries approximately 12-13% weightage and candidates can expect 4 to 5 questions from this section in the NEET exam 2025.

• Every year about 6-7 questions are asked from this topic which makes the weightage of this topic 12%. Check NEET Biology Syllabus
• In NEET 2025, Study Notes for Cell Structure and Function, important topics like Types of cells, parts of the cell, cell division, are explained that will help you to attempt questions from this unit in NEET 2022.

Check the latest Updates:

• Sample papers for NEET 2025 (Free)
• NEET 2025: Syllabus Finalized by UGMEB and NMC

Listed below is the list of Cell structure & function questions with detailed solutions asked in NEET UG 2025.

Question 1:

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Mitochondria and chloroplasts both double membranes bound organelles.

Statement II: Inner membrane of mitochondria is relatively less permeable, as compared to chloroplast.

In the light of the above statements, choose the mis appropriate answer from the options given below

• Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
• Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
• Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
• Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

View Solution

Question 2:

Match List I with List II:

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
• A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
• A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

View Solution

Question 3:

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Concentrically arranged cisternae of Golgi complex are arranged near the nucleus with distinct convex cis or maturing and concave trans or forming face.

Statement II: A number of proteins are modified in the cisternae of Golgi complex before they are released from cis face.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the option given below.

• Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
• Statement I is false but Statement II is true
• Both Statement I and Statement II are true
• Both Statement I and Statement II are false

View Solution

Question 4:

The Golgi complex plays a major role

• In trapping the light and transforming it into chemical energy
• In digesting proteins and carbohydrates
• As energy transferring organelles
• In post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids

View Solution

Question 5:

Which one of the following organelle in the figure correctly matches with its function ?

• Rough endoplasmic reticulum, formation of glycoproteins
• Golgi apparatus, protein synthesis
• Golgi apparatus, formation of glycolipids
• Rough endoplasmic reticulum, protein synthesis

View Solution

Question 6:

Which of the following helps in maintenance of the pressure gradient in sieve tubes?

• Albuminous cells
• Sieve cells
• Phloem parenchyma
• Companion cells

View Solution

Question 7:

The part marked as ‘x’ in the given figure is

• Endosperm
• Thalamus
• Endocarp
• Mesocarp

View Solution

NEET 2025 Biology Exam Pattern

The Biology section in NEET 2025 plays a pivotal role in determining the overall score, given its significant weightage in the exam. Comprising 90 questions out of the total 180, Biology is divided into two subsections: Botany and Zoology. There will be a total of 45 questions in each.

As per the marking scheme, +4 marks will be awarded for correct answers, -1 for incorrect ones, and unattempted questions will not be marked. Time duration for the exam will be 180 minutes.

Each subsection evaluates the aspirant’s knowledge across a wide spectrum of topics from Classes 11 and 12 NCERT syllabi.

NEET Biology Exam Pattern: Section-Wise Marking Scheme

The NEET 2025 Biology section comprises 90 questions, equally divided between Zoology (45 questions) and Botany (45 questions).

The marking scheme awards +4 marks for each correct answer, -1 mark for incorrect answers, and 0 marks for unattempted questions. The Biology section carries a total of 360 marks, split equally between Zoology and Botany. The exam is conducted offline (pen-paper mode).

Class-Wise Biology NEET Syllabus Weightage

Biology NEET Syllabus Weightage

The topic-wise weightage for the syllabus of Biology is provided here based on previous year exam:

Biology NEET Syllabus PDF- Chapter-Wise Weightage

NEET Chapter wise Weightage Biology Class 11

NEET Chapter wise Weightage Biology Class 12

Biology NEET Questions PDF

To practice subject-specific questions for NEET exam preparation, check NEET Biology questions from the link given below.

Biology NEET Exam Pattern 2024

Biology NEET exam pattern 2024 is provided below with the number of questions, type of questions, total marks, and negative marking.

NEET Question Paper 2024 PDF with Answer Key and Solution

NEET 2024 Question Paper PDF Code R

NEET 2024 Question Paper PDF Code Q

NEET 2024 Question Paper PDF Code T

NEET 2024 Question Paper PDF Code S

NEET Re-Exam June 23 Question Paper

NEET Question Paper 2024

NEET Subject Wise Question Paper 2024 PDF with Answer Key and Solution

NEET Sample Paper 2024 PDF Download with Answer

Students must not confuse this sample paper with the actual question paper. This is just a mock paper with answers that will help you with your exam preparation.

Frequently Asked Questions:

Q1. What types of questions from the cell membrane and transport mechanisms are frequently asked in NEET?

In NEET, questions on cell membranes and transport mechanisms often focus on the structure, composition, and functions of the cell membrane, different types of transport.

About Topic: Cells are the smallest and the most fundamental structural and functional unit of all organisms and life. And like all living organisms, it undergoes cell division to increase the number of the cells and ensure the growth of the organisms. The cell cycle is the systemic step-wise process of cell division, and it is divided into two phases. Cell division in all the organisms is of mainly two types, that is meiosis and mitosis.

Also Read:

Q2. How can I differentiate between different types of cell organelles quickly in NEET exams?

Cytology is the branch of biology that comprises the study of cell structure and its function. The structural and functional unit of all living beings is called cell. Cell has a dense membrane-bound structure called nucleus which contains the chromosomes which further contain the genetic material, DNA.

• Mycoplasmas, the smallest cells, are only 0.3 µm in length while bacteria could be 3 to 5 µm. Nerve cells are the longest cells. These are some of the important points from this section that you must remember while preparing for NEET.
• Every year near about 6-7 questions are asked from this particular topic which means 10% is covered from this section. Check NEET Exam Pattern

There are two types of cells: plant cell and animal cell:

Must Read:

• NEET Study Notes for Molecular Basis of Inheritance
• NEET Study Notes for Biological Classification

Q3. What are the common mistakes students make in Cell Structure & Function questions in NEET?

• A common mistake students make while preparing for NEET Biology is ignoring their weaker areas. Many focus only on their strengths, which can lead to difficulties in answering questions from neglected topics during the exam.
• Another frequent mistake is not practicing enough mock tests. Regularly attempting mock exams helps in understanding question patterns and improving time management.

Q4. What are the easiest mnemonics to remember cell cycle phases and their significance?

To easily remember the cell cycle phases, use the mnemonic "Go Sally Go! Make Children" for Interphase (G1, S, G2) and Mitosis/Cytokinesis (M phase). For Mitosis, remember "P-M-A-T" (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase).

Things to Remember

• An array of events that helps a cell to replicate its genome, consequently dividing into two new daughter cells is known as cell cycle.
• It is mainly composed of three stages: G1 phase, S Phase, and G2 phase.
• The multiplication of a parent cell into two or more new daughter cells is called cell division
• Formation of microtubules in G2 phase helps in splindle formation.
• The cells that do not divide in G1 phase enters the quiescent stage.