Plant physiology - NEET Previous Year Questions with Solutions and Weightage

The most asked topics and questions from Plant Physiology Biology in NEET 2025 are Photosynthesis, Plant Hormones, Cyclic and non cyclic and 13 photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation, TCA cycle and electron transport system; Energy relations; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient; Phases of Plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation.

The Plant Physiology Biology contributes around 10% of the total Biology Weightage which is about 4-5 questions in the NEET 2025 exam.

Also check:

NEET Exam Pattern 2025(Revised)

NEET UG Syllabus 2025

Listed below is the list of Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure questions with detailed solutions asked in NEET UG 2025 exam.

Question 1:

Which one of the following products diffuses out of the chloroplast during photosynthesis?

• ADP
• NADPH
• O2
• ATP

View Solution

Question 2:

In tissue culture experiments, leaf mesophyll cells are put in a culture medium to form callus. This phenomenon may be called as

• Dedifferentiation
• Development
• Senescence
• Differentiation

View Solution

Question 3:

Spraying of which of the following phytohormone on juvenile conifers helps hastening the maturity period, the leads early seed production?

• Gibberellic Acid
• Zeatin
• Abscisic Acid
• Indole-3-butyric Acid

View Solution

Question 4:

Identify the pair of heterosporous pteridophytes among the following:

• Selaginella and Salvinia
• Psilotum and Salvinia
• Equisetum and Salvinia
• Lycopodium and Selaginella

View Solution

Question 5:

How many ATP and NADPH2 are required for the synthesis of one molecule of Glucose during Calvin cycle?

• 18 ATP and 12 NADPH2
• 12 ATP and 16 NADPH2
• 18 ATP and 16 NADPH2
• 12 ATP and 12 NADPH2

View Solution

Question 6:

The reaction centre PS II has an absorption maxima at

• 700 nm
• 660 nm
• 780 nm
• 680 nm

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Question 7:

Which hormone promotes internode/petiole elongation in deep water rice?

• Kinetin
• Ethylene
• 2, 4-D
• GA3

View Solution

Question 8:

Hydrocolloid carrageen is obtained from

• Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae
• Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae
• Rhodophyceae only
• Phaeophyceae only

View Solution

Question 9:

Match the plant with the kind of life cycle it exhibits. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (a)- (iv); (b) - (i); (c) - (ii);(d) - (iii)
• (a)- (ii); (b) - (iii); (c) - (iv);(d) - (i)
• (a)- (iii); (b) - (iv); (c) - (i);(d) - (ii)
• (a)- (ii); (b) - (iv); (c) - (i);(d) - (iii)

View Solution

Question 10:

Which one of the following is not true regarding the release of energy during ATP synthesis through chemiosmosis? It involves:

• Breakdown of proton gradient
• Breakdown of electron gradient
• Movement of protons across the membrane to the stroma
• Reduction of NADP to NADPH2 on the stroma side of the membrane

View Solution

Question 11:

What is the role of large bundle sheath cells found around the vascular bundles in C4 plants?

• To provide the site of photorespiratory pathway
• To increase the number of chloroplast for the operation of Calvin cycle
• To enable the plant to tolerate high temperature
• To protect the vascular tissue from high light intensity

View Solution

Question 12:

The gaseous plant growth regulator is used in plants to:

• Seed up the malting process
• Promote root growth and root hair formation to increase the absorption surface
• Help overcome apical dominance
• Kill dicotyledonous weeds in the fields

View Solution

Question 13:

Production of Cucumber has increased manifold in recent years. Application of which of the following phytohormones has resulted in this increased yield as the hormone is known to produce female flowers in the plants?

• ABA
• Gibberellin
• Ethylene
• Cytokinin

View Solution

Question 14:

Select the correct pair

• Loose parenchyma cells rupturing the epidermis and forming a lens shaped opening in bark - Spongy parenchyma
• parenchyma cells in the epidermis of grass leaves - Subsidiary cells
• In dicot leaves, vascular bundles are surrounded by large thick-walled cells - Conjunctive tissue
• Cells of medullary rays that form part of cambial ring - Interfascicular cambium

View Solution

Question 15:

Which of the following statements is incorrect

• Oxidation-reduction reactions produce proton gradient in respiration
• During aerobic respiration, role of oxygen is limited to the terminal stage
• In ETC (Electron Transport Chain), one molecule of NADH+H+ gives rise to 2 ATP molecules, and one FADH2 gives rise to 3 ATP molecules
• ATP is synthesized through complex V

View Solution

NEET 2025 Biology Exam Pattern

The Biology section in NEET 2025 plays a pivotal role in determining the overall score, given its significant weightage in the exam. Comprising 90 questions out of the total 180, Biology is divided into two subsections: Botany and Zoology. There will be a total of 45 questions in each.

As per the marking scheme, +4 marks will be awarded for correct answers, -1 for incorrect ones, and unattempted questions will not be marked. Time duration for the exam will be 180 minutes.

Each subsection evaluates the aspirant’s knowledge across a wide spectrum of topics from Classes 11 and 12 NCERT syllabi.

NEET Biology Exam Pattern: Section-Wise Marking Scheme

The NEET 2025 Biology section comprises 90 questions, equally divided between Zoology (45 questions) and Botany (45 questions).

The marking scheme awards +4 marks for each correct answer, -1 mark for incorrect answers, and 0 marks for unattempted questions. The Biology section carries a total of 360 marks, split equally between Zoology and Botany. The exam is conducted offline (pen-paper mode).

Class-Wise Biology NEET Syllabus Weightage

Biology NEET Syllabus Weightage

The topic-wise weightage for the syllabus of Biology is provided here based on previous year exam:

Biology NEET 2025 Syllabus PDF- Chapter-Wise Weightage

NEET 2025 Chapter wise Weightage Biology Class 11

NEET 2025 Chapter wise Weightage Biology Class 12

Biology NEET Questions PDF

To practice subject-specific questions for NEET exam preparation, check NEET Biology questions from the link given below.

Biology NEET Exam Pattern 2024

Biology NEET exam pattern 2024 is provided below with the number of questions, type of questions, total marks, and negative marking.

NEET Question Paper 2024 PDF with Answer Key and Solution

NEET 2024 Question Paper PDF Code R

NEET 2024 Question Paper PDF Code Q

NEET 2024 Question Paper PDF Code T

NEET 2024 Question Paper PDF Code S

NEET Re-Exam June 23 Question Paper

NEET Question Paper 2024

NEET Subject Wise Question Paper 2024 PDF with Answer Key and Solution

NEET Sample Paper 2024 PDF Download with Answer

Students must not confuse this sample paper with the actual question paper. This is just a mock paper with answers that will help you with your exam preparation.

Frequently Asked Questions:

Q1. What are the most important concepts of respiration asked in NEET exam?

Respiration is a process in which organic compounds release energy. In other words, it is a metabolic process which occurs in all organisms. It is a biochemical process which occurs within the cells of organisms. In this process, a chemical compound named ATP(Adenosine Triphosphate) is manufactured with the breakdown of glucose that is further used by cells to perform various functions. All living beings need the energy to perform daily tasks, both physical and chemical. For example, we need energy to move, regulate body temperature, for growth and repair and so on.

Q2. Would NCERT be enough for plant physiology in NEET exam 2025?

While NCERT books are a strong foundation, they might not be sufficient alone for NEET 2025 plant physiology, as they cover the basics, and NEET requires a deeper understanding and application of concepts.

NEET 2025 which is expected to be conducted on 4th May 2025 will have over 2.1 million aspirants competing for seats against MBBS and BDS in India. Along with NEET's reduced syllabus, the test has been expected to be a bit more difficult this year.

To pass the challenging medical entrance test, the best NEET 2025 books would be useful. The best resource for preparing for the NEET is the class 11 and 12 NCERT books, according to experts and top students.

• Biology: NCERT Biology holds more than 50% weight and covers 85–90% of questions with clear concepts and diagrams.
• Chemistry: Divided into three parts, it demands clarity and numericals; O.P. Tandon and Morrison & Boyd simplify NEET topics.
• Physics: The toughest subject, focusing on problem-solving, H.C. Verma and D.C. Pandey are essential for its 22 chapters.

From past data, it has been shown that 2.09 million candidates appeared in NEET 2024. The topper was a perfect 100% or 720/720 mark, while around 21% of the students scored more than 500, showing how fierce the competition was.

Check the latest updates related to NEET 2025:

• NEET UG 2025: NTA Announces Exam Details and Guidelines
• NEET UG 2025: NTA Releases Notice Regarding Aadhar Updation

Q3. How can I quickly remember the steps of the Calvin cycle?

The Calvin Cycle, also known as the light-independent reactions, occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts and involves the fixation of carbon dioxide into glucose. A common mnemonic to remember its main stages is "C-R-E-A-M":

• C: Carbon Fixation (CO₂ combines with ribulose bisphosphate, RuBP)
• R: Reduction (3-phosphoglycerate is reduced to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, G3P)
• E: Energy (ATP and NADPH are used in the reduction phase)
• A: Acceptor (RuBP is regenerated from G3P)
• M: Maintenance (glucose and other carbohydrates are produced)

Q4. What is the easiest way to differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

• Respiration is a chemical reaction which occurs in all living cells, releasing energy from glucose.
• Aerobic respiration occurs with oxygen and releases more energy but more slowly.
• Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and releases less energy but more quickly.

Importance of Aerobic Respiration [Click Here for Sample Questions]

• Some bacteria are unable to survive in the midst of oxygen. These types of bacteria use aerobic respiration.
• Anaerobic respiration is the only one that generates energy. It is an energy release and supply catabolic process of anaerobic organisms.
• Anaerobes may live in anaerobic settings because it acts in the lack of oxygen.
• This technique produces ethyl alcohol which is used in a multitude of sectors.

Q5. How can I effectively revise plant physiology in one day before NEET exam 2025?

Prioritise NCERT with a strategic approach

The NCERT Biology textbooks for Classes 11 and 12 are fundamental for NEET Biology preparation. However, rather than simply reading, try to analyze each topic. Create detailed notes, underline significant terms, and understand the reasoning behind each diagram. For example, while studying Plant Physiology, attempt to relate each function practically—like observing stomatal openings on leaves during the day.

Strengthen conceptual understanding through active learning

Biology requires a deeper understanding of concepts rather than rote memorization. Engage in active learning techniques such as group discussions, teaching topics to peers, or using digital tools for visual representation. For complex topics like Genetics, use Punnett squares to simplify genetic crossing and probability calculations. Connecting abstract ideas to real-life scenarios can aid retention.

Integrate multiple resources for varied perspectives

While NCERT remains the primary resource, refer to additional reference books like 'Trueman's Elementary Biology' or 'MTG Objective NCERT at Your Fingertips' for diverse question formats. Use platforms like YouTube or educational apps for visual explanations of challenging topics. For instance, to understand molecular biology concepts, watch animations that illustrate DNA replication or transcription.